Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Brockville, City (CY)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	22,116	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	21,569^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	11,088	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	10,647	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,057.8	...	...	1,057.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	20.91	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	22,115	10,375	11,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,660	1,355	1,305	12.0	13.1	11.1
0 to 4 years	795	400	390	3.6	3.9	3.3
5 to 9 years	865	450	415	3.9	4.3	3.5
10 to 14 years	1,005	500	500	4.5	4.8	4.3
15 to 64 years	12,840	6,235	6,605	58.1	60.1	56.2
15 to 19 years	1,060	535	520	4.8	5.2	4.4
20 to 24 years	1,165	605	565	5.3	5.8	4.8
25 to 29 years	1,180	595	580	5.3	5.7	4.9
30 to 34 years	1,210	635	575	5.5	6.1	4.9
35 to 39 years	1,055	525	535	4.8	5.1	4.6
40 to 44 years	1,070	505	570	4.8	4.9	4.9
45 to 49 years	1,205	545	655	5.4	5.3	5.6
50 to 54 years	1,330	630	695	6.0	6.1	5.9
55 to 59 years	1,680	750	930	7.6	7.2	7.9
60 to 64 years	1,885	910	975	8.5	8.8	8.3
65 years and over	6,620	2,785	3,830	29.9	26.8	32.6
65 to 69 years	1,670	740	925	7.6	7.1	7.9
70 to 74 years	1,700	760	940	7.7	7.3	8.0
75 to 79 years	1,250	545	705	5.7	5.3	6.0
80 to 84 years	1,050	415	635	4.7	4.0	5.4
85 years and over	950	325	625	4.3	3.1	5.3
85 to 89 years	625	225	405	2.8	2.2	3.4
90 to 94 years	250	90	165	1.1	0.9	1.4
95 to 99 years	60	15	45	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.0	13.1	11.1	12.0	13.1	11.1
15 to 64 years	58.1	60.1	56.2	58.1	60.1	56.2
65 years and over	29.9	26.8	32.6	29.9	26.8	32.6
85 years and over	4.3	3.1	5.3	4.3	3.1	5.3
Average age of the population	48.3	46.4	50.0	48.3	46.4	50.0
Median age of the population	51.6	49.2	54.4	51.6	49.2	54.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,055	...	...	47.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	955	...	...	9.0	...	...
Row house	820	...	...	7.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	95	...	...	0.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,950	...	...	27.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	685	...	...	6.4	...	...
Other single-attached house	80	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,110	...	...	38.6	...	...
2 persons	4,045	...	...	38.0	...	...
3 persons	1,240	...	...	11.6	...	...
4 persons	850	...	...	8.0	...	...
5 or more persons	400	...	...	3.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,515	10,140	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	19,455	9,015	10,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,825	4,855	4,970	50.5	53.9	47.6
Married	7,675	3,790	3,885	39.5	42.0	37.2
Living common-law	2,150	1,065	1,085	11.1	11.8	10.4
Living common law - Never married	1,325	660	665	6.8	7.3	6.4
Living common law - Separated	165	90	75	0.8	1.0	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	555	270	290	2.9	3.0	2.8
Living common law - Widowed	105	50	60	0.5	0.6	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	9,630	4,165	5,465	49.5	46.2	52.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,175	2,775	2,400	26.6	30.8	23.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	810	310	505	4.2	3.4	4.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,880	695	1,180	9.7	7.7	11.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,765	385	1,380	9.1	4.3	13.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,960	...	...	64.4	...	...
3 persons	1,150	...	...	18.7	...	...
4 persons	765	...	...	12.4	...	...
5 or more persons	275	...	...	4.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,785	...	...	77.9	...	...
Married couples	3,705	...	...	60.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,295	...	...	21.1	...	...
Without children	2,415	...	...	39.3	...	...
Common-law couples	1,080	...	...	17.6	...	...
With children⁶	410	...	...	6.7	...	...
Without children	665	...	...	10.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,365	...	...	22.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,095	...	...	17.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	270	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	21,520	10,140	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,905	7,745	8,160	73.9	76.4	71.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,560	4,775	4,790	44.4	47.1	42.1
Parents in one-parent families	1,365	265	1,100	6.3	2.6	9.7
Children⁶	4,975	2,705	2,275	23.1	26.7	20.0
In a two-parent family	2,965	1,635	1,330	13.8	16.1	11.7
In a one-parent family	2,015	1,070	945	9.4	10.6	8.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,610	2,400	3,215	26.1	23.7	28.3
Living alone	4,110	1,610	2,500	19.1	15.9	22.0
Living with other relatives⁷	435	180	260	2.0	1.8	2.3
Living with non-relatives only	1,065	610	460	4.9	6.0	4.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,595	...	...	52.6	...	...
Couple-family households	4,470	...	...	42.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,570	...	...	14.7	...	...
Without children	2,900	...	...	27.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,120	...	...	10.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	170	...	...	1.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	240	...	...	2.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	500	...	...	4.7	...	...
One-person households	4,110	...	...	38.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	18,860	8,790	10,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,325	8,510	9,815	97.2	96.8	97.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,000	34,800	36,800	40,000	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,330	8,515	9,820	97.2	96.9	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,000	32,000	34,000	36,000	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,540	7,290	8,245	82.4	82.9	81.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,400	35,200	24,800	29,400	35,200	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,205	5,570	5,630	59.4	63.4	55.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,600	33,200	26,600	29,600	33,200	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,990	7,750	9,240	90.1	88.2	91.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,900	13,000	14,400	13,900	13,000	14,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,555	745	810	8.2	8.5	8.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,360	5,400	5,360	5,360	5,400	5,360
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,120	1,895	2,225	21.8	21.6	22.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	18,860	8,785	10,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,305	8,530	9,770	97.1	97.1	97.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,200	49,440	43,400	46,200	49,440	43,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,305	8,530	9,770	97.1	97.1	97.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,040	42,440	37,960	40,040	42,440	37,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,440	7,310	8,135	81.9	83.2	80.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,280	44,920	36,160	40,280	44,920	36,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,205	5,600	5,605	59.4	63.7	55.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,240	42,120	36,400	39,240	42,120	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,015	7,825	9,190	90.2	89.1	91.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,140	11,930	14,140	13,140	11,930	14,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,635	815	820	8.7	9.3	8.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,165	5,890	6,440	6,165	5,890	6,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,035	1,935	2,100	21.4	22.0	20.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	9,250	9,330	9,300	9,250	9,330
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	18,860	8,785	10,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,750	2,560	2,190	25.2	29.1	21.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,600	58,000	53,200	55,600	58,000	53,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,000	67,500	62,100	65,000	67,500	62,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,500	2,035	2,470	23.9	23.2	24.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,600	16,600	14,600	15,600	16,600	14,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,900	24,600	21,520	22,900	24,600	21,520
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.6	77.8	69.4	73.6	77.8	69.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	52.0	55.9	48.1	52.0	55.9	48.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.4	22.2	30.7	26.4	22.2	30.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.9	5.8	5.4	4.9	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.2	4.6	4.4	4.2	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	18,860	8,790	10,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	530	280	255	2.8	3.2	2.5
With total income	18,330	8,515	9,820	97.2	96.9	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,190	545	640	6.5	6.4	6.5
$10,000 to $19,999	2,580	1,095	1,490	14.1	12.9	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	3,390	1,395	1,995	18.5	16.4	20.3
$30,000 to $39,999	2,805	1,230	1,580	15.3	14.4	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	2,295	1,010	1,280	12.5	11.9	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,775	865	910	9.7	10.2	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,160	585	575	6.3	6.9	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	890	480	405	4.9	5.6	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	595	335	260	3.2	3.9	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	465	250	215	2.5	2.9	2.2
$100,000 and over	1,190	725	460	6.5	8.5	4.7
$100,000 to $149,999	855	495	355	4.7	5.8	3.6
$150,000 and over	330	230	105	1.8	2.7	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	18,860	8,790	10,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	525	280	250	2.8	3.2	2.5
With after-tax income	18,335	8,515	9,815	97.2	96.9	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,265	565	700	6.9	6.6	7.1
$10,000 to $19,999	2,675	1,145	1,535	14.6	13.4	15.6
$20,000 to $29,999	3,855	1,595	2,260	21.0	18.7	23.0
$30,000 to $39,999	3,220	1,430	1,790	17.6	16.8	18.2
$40,000 to $49,999	2,570	1,210	1,360	14.0	14.2	13.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,590	775	820	8.7	9.1	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,145	640	510	6.2	7.5	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	665	355	305	3.6	4.2	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	520	270	250	2.8	3.2	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	275	150	125	1.5	1.8	1.3
$100,000 and over	545	380	170	3.0	4.5	1.7
$100,000 to $124,999	280	200	80	1.5	2.3	0.8
$125,000 and over	265	175	85	1.4	2.1	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	18,860	8,790	10,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,655	3,220	4,440	40.6	36.6	44.1
With employment income	11,205	5,575	5,635	59.4	63.4	56.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,090	1,030	1,055	18.7	18.5	18.7
$5,000 to $9,999	935	430	505	8.3	7.7	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,430	620	810	12.8	11.1	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,180	530	655	10.5	9.5	11.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,160	575	590	10.4	10.3	10.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,035	505	530	9.2	9.1	9.4
$50,000 to $59,999	885	450	440	7.9	8.1	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	555	315	240	5.0	5.7	4.3
$70,000 to $79,999	465	255	210	4.1	4.6	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	355	195	160	3.2	3.5	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	370	185	185	3.3	3.3	3.3
$100,000 and over	745	485	255	6.6	8.7	4.5
$100,000 to $124,999	410	240	175	3.7	4.3	3.1
$125,000 and over	330	245	85	2.9	4.4	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	18,860	8,790	10,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,090	8,380	9,705	95.9	95.3	96.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,000	31,800	34,400	38,000	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,100	8,380	9,720	96.0	95.3	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	34,400	29,600	31,600	34,400	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,380	7,215	8,165	81.5	82.1	81.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	36,000	26,800	30,600	36,000	26,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,295	5,610	5,685	59.9	63.8	56.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	34,000	28,400	30,600	34,000	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,440	7,530	8,910	87.2	85.7	88.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,800	8,100	11,200	9,800	8,100	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,205	550	655	6.4	6.3	6.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,280	5,520	4,960	5,280	5,520	4,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	18,860	8,785	10,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,110	8,420	9,685	96.0	95.8	96.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,120	47,920	40,840	44,120	47,920	40,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,115	8,420	9,695	96.0	95.8	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,840	40,720	35,320	37,840	40,720	35,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,245	7,235	8,010	80.8	82.4	79.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,280	46,240	36,800	41,280	46,240	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,205	5,585	5,615	59.4	63.6	55.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	43,520	37,240	40,400	43,520	37,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,495	7,630	8,865	87.5	86.9	88.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,290	9,030	11,390	10,290	9,030	11,390
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,175	520	660	6.2	5.9	6.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,040	6,920	7,120	7,040	6,920	7,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	18,860	8,785	10,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,710	2,530	2,175	25.0	28.8	21.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,800	54,400	50,400	52,800	54,400	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,000	65,000	58,450	62,000	65,000	58,450
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,225	1,885	2,340	22.4	21.5	23.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	21,200	20,000	20,800	21,200	20,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,520	31,440	26,160	28,520	31,440	26,160
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.8	83.0	74.4	78.8	83.0	74.4
Employment income (%)	56.6	60.3	52.9	56.6	60.3	52.9
Government transfers (%)	21.3	17.1	25.5	21.3	17.1	25.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.9	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,650	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	33,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,540	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,645	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	79,400	...	...	79,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,800	...	...	68,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,320	...	...	45,320	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,640	...	...	39,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,535	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,900	...	...	100,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,200	...	...	87,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	150	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	380	...	...	3.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	615	...	...	5.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	575	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	525	...	...	4.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	550	...	...	5.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	575	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	520	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	975	...	...	9.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	875	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	765	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	685	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	560	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,755	...	...	25.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,020	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	665	...	...	6.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	630	...	...	5.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	435	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	155	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	390	...	...	3.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	650	...	...	6.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	675	...	...	6.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	610	...	...	5.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	630	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	650	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	575	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,085	...	...	10.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	965	...	...	9.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	865	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	660	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	560	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,025	...	...	19.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	945	...	...	8.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	485	...	...	4.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	600	...	...	5.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,140	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,935	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,730	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,305	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,175	2,220	2,955	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	34,000	34,800	34,800	34,000	34,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	31,400	32,400	32,000	31,400	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,150	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,100	...	...	101,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,200	...	...	87,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,965	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,600	...	...	94,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,300	...	...	81,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,715	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,700	...	...	116,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,320	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,300	...	...	70,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,900	...	...	62,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,190	2,195	3,000	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,080	42,640	43,400	43,080	42,640	43,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,840	37,280	38,240	37,840	37,280	38,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	21,515	10,145	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,305	1,700	1,605	15.4	16.8	14.1
0 to 5 years	975	505	470	4.5	5.0	4.1
18 to 64 years	12,015	5,770	6,250	55.8	56.9	54.9
65 years and over	6,195	2,675	3,525	28.8	26.4	31.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,150	1,420	1,725	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	595	305	285	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	200	110	90	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,675	805	870	...	...	...
65 years and over	880	305	575	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.6	14.0	15.2	14.6	14.0	15.2
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	18.0	18.0	18.0	18.0	18.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.6	22.4	18.8	20.6	22.4	18.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.9	14.0	13.9	13.9	14.0	13.9
65 years and over (%)	14.2	11.5	16.3	14.2	11.5	16.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	21,520	10,140	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,305	1,700	1,605	15.4	16.8	14.1
0 to 5 years	975	500	470	4.5	4.9	4.1
18 to 64 years	12,015	5,770	6,245	55.8	56.9	54.9
65 years and over	6,200	2,670	3,525	28.8	26.3	31.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	900	480	415	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	120	55	65	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	15	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	710	400	305	...	...	...
65 years and over	70	25	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.8	3.6	4.2	4.8	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.2	3.9	3.6	3.2	3.9
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	3.6	4.4	4.0	3.6	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	7.0	4.9	5.9	7.0	4.9
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.0	1.3	1.2	1.0	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	21,515	10,145	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	13,125	6,005	7,120	61.0	59.2	62.6
In bottom decile	2,890	1,360	1,525	13.4	13.4	13.4
In second decile	2,920	1,265	1,650	13.6	12.5	14.5
In third decile	2,585	1,160	1,420	12.0	11.4	12.5
In fourth decile	2,570	1,200	1,375	11.9	11.8	12.1
In fifth decile	2,165	1,020	1,145	10.1	10.1	10.1
In top half of the distribution	8,395	4,135	4,255	39.0	40.8	37.4
In sixth decile	2,020	970	1,045	9.4	9.6	9.2
In seventh decile	1,950	965	990	9.1	9.5	8.7
In eighth decile	1,675	815	860	7.8	8.0	7.6
In ninth decile	1,580	795	780	7.3	7.8	6.9
In top decile	1,170	590	575	5.4	5.8	5.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	21,520	...	...	21,520	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.321	...	...	0.321	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.484	...	...	0.484	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.284	...	...	0.284	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	21,805	10,245	11,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	19,450	9,195	10,260	89.2	89.8	88.7
French only	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	2,275	1,020	1,255	10.4	10.0	10.9
Neither English nor French	65	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	21,805	10,245	11,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	21,135	9,965	11,175	96.9	97.3	96.6
French	565	240	325	2.6	2.3	2.8
English and French	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Neither English nor French	55	15	35	0.3	0.1	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	21,805	10,245	11,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,485	10,085	11,400	98.5	98.4	98.6
Official languages	20,245	9,540	10,705	92.8	93.1	92.6
English	19,655	9,285	10,375	90.1	90.6	89.7
French	590	255	340	2.7	2.5	2.9
Non-official languages	1,240	550	695	5.7	5.4	6.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,235	550	690	5.7	5.4	6.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	75	30	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Telugu	5	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	830	375	455	3.8	3.7	3.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	110	50	65	0.5	0.5	0.6
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	110	50	65	0.5	0.5	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	260	95	160	1.2	0.9	1.4
Frisian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	95	35	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
German	90	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	150	55	100	0.7	0.5	0.9
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	145	55	90	0.7	0.5	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	260	130	130	1.2	1.3	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	235	115	120	1.1	1.1	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindi	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	50	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	75	70	0.7	0.7	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Spanish	85	35	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	55	70	0.6	0.5	0.6
Chinese languages	120	55	70	0.6	0.5	0.6
Hakka	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	70	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	320	160	165	1.5	1.6	1.4
English and French	160	80	80	0.7	0.8	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	140	75	65	0.6	0.7	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	21,805	10,245	11,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	20,285	9,545	10,740	93.0	93.2	92.9
French	110	45	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
Non-official language	265	120	150	1.2	1.2	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	265	120	150	1.2	1.2	1.3
English and French	350	160	190	1.6	1.6	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	690	315	370	3.2	3.1	3.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	21,805	10,245	11,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,600	10,145	11,450	99.1	99.0	99.0
Official languages	21,055	9,895	11,160	96.6	96.6	96.5
English	20,890	9,830	11,065	95.8	95.9	95.7
French	170	65	100	0.8	0.6	0.9
Non-official languages	540	250	290	2.5	2.4	2.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	540	250	290	2.5	2.4	2.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	280	130	155	1.3	1.3	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	175	85	90	0.8	0.8	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	160	80	85	0.7	0.8	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hindi	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	85	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	210	95	115	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and French	80	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	120	60	60	0.6	0.6	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	21,805	10,245	11,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	20,850	9,795	11,050	95.6	95.6	95.5
English	230	100	135	1.1	1.0	1.2
French	235	115	115	1.1	1.1	1.0
Non-official language	370	160	205	1.7	1.6	1.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	370	160	205	1.7	1.6	1.8
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	21,520	10,140	11,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	21,450	10,110	11,340	99.7	99.7	99.6
English	21,450	10,110	11,340	99.7	99.7	99.6
French	2,215	985	1,230	10.3	9.7	10.8
Non-official languages	1,880	795	1,085	8.7	7.8	9.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,880	795	1,085	8.7	7.8	9.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	225	90	130	1.0	0.9	1.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	225	90	130	1.0	0.9	1.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	225	90	130	1.0	0.9	1.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	140	45	95	0.7	0.4	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	45	90	0.6	0.4	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	85	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	65	15	45	0.3	0.1	0.4
Telugu	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,245	545	695	5.8	5.4	6.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	65	115	0.8	0.6	1.0
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	175	65	105	0.8	0.6	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Russian	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Serbian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	410	155	255	1.9	1.5	2.2
Frisian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
High German languages	195	75	125	0.9	0.7	1.1
German	195	75	125	0.9	0.7	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	215	90	125	1.0	0.9	1.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	215	90	125	1.0	0.9	1.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	280	150	135	1.3	1.5	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages	265	140	130	1.2	1.4	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	100	55	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	155	70	85	0.7	0.7	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	365	165	205	1.7	1.6	1.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Portuguese	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	285	110	170	1.3	1.1	1.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
American Sign Language	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	60	80	0.7	0.6	0.7
Chinese languages	140	60	80	0.7	0.6	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	110	55	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,515	10,145	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	890	415	470	4.1	4.1	4.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	860	405	455	4.0	4.0	4.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	510	235	275	2.4	2.3	2.4
Métis	345	165	185	1.6	1.6	1.6
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	20,630	9,725	10,900	95.9	95.9	95.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,515	10,145	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	155	90	65	0.7	0.9	0.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,365	10,055	11,315	99.3	99.1	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,080	...	...	57.1	...	...
Renter	4,565	...	...	42.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,150	...	...	10.8	...	...
Not condominium	9,495	...	...	89.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	1,425	...	...	13.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,750	...	...	35.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,505	...	...	32.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,900	...	...	17.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,250	...	...	30.5	...	...
5 rooms	1,750	...	...	16.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,610	...	...	15.1	...	...
7 rooms	1,395	...	...	13.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,645	...	...	24.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,585	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	10,260	...	...	96.4	...	...
Not suitable	385	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,135	...	...	38.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,490	...	...	32.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,210	...	...	11.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	750	...	...	7.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	275	...	...	2.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	220	...	...	2.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	240	...	...	2.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	320	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,815	...	...	92.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	835	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,325	...	...	59.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,055	...	...	38.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	265	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	290	...	...	2.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,120	...	...	10.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,270	...	...	11.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,460	...	...	13.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,215	...	...	20.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,200	...	...	20.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,475	...	...	13.9	...	...
85 years and over	625	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	10,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,265	...	...	77.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,355	...	...	22.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,215	...	...	20.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,185	...	...	29.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,065	...	...	19.4	...	...
Not suitable only	235	...	...	2.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	510	...	...	4.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	225	...	...	2.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,460	...	...	70.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	10,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,255	...	...	12.0	...	...
Not in core need	9,225	...	...	88.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,085	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	50.8	...	...	50.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.1	...	...	10.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,095	...	...	1,095	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	353,200	...	...	353,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,565	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	18.8	...	...	18.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.3	...	...	38.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	23.1	...	...	23.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,014	...	...	1,014	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	21,520	10,140	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	205	80	130	1.0	0.8	1.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	205	80	130	1.0	0.8	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	165	65	95	0.8	0.6	0.8
Métis single ancestry	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,160	525	635	5.4	5.2	5.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,125	515	615	5.2	5.1	5.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	875	405	465	4.1	4.0	4.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	245	100	145	1.1	1.0	1.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	20,150	9,540	10,615	93.6	94.1	93.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	21,520	10,140	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	20,925	9,845	11,080	97.2	97.1	97.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,175	1,625	1,545	14.8	16.0	13.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,755	8,220	9,535	82.5	81.1	83.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	595	290	300	2.8	2.9	2.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	21,520	10,140	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	19,135	9,085	10,055	88.9	89.6	88.4
Immigrants⁸¹	2,295	1,000	1,295	10.7	9.9	11.4
Before 1980	1,100	480	625	5.1	4.7	5.5
1980 to 1990	255	95	160	1.2	0.9	1.4
1991 to 2000	260	100	160	1.2	1.0	1.4
2001 to 2010	320	135	180	1.5	1.3	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	360	195	170	1.7	1.9	1.5
2011 to 2015	125	75	50	0.6	0.7	0.4
2016 to 2021	235	120	120	1.1	1.2	1.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	90	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,300	1,000	1,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	280	115	165	12.2	11.5	12.7
5 to 14 years	500	245	260	21.7	24.5	20.1
15 to 24 years	550	220	330	23.9	22.0	25.5
25 to 44 years	850	385	460	37.0	38.5	35.5
45 years and over	120	40	85	5.2	4.0	6.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,300	1,000	1,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	430	180	250	18.7	18.0	19.3
Brazil	25	15	10	1.1	1.5	0.8
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	20	10	10	0.9	1.0	0.8
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0.4	1.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	15	10	1.1	1.5	0.8
United States of America	255	95	155	11.1	9.5	12.0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	40	45	3.7	4.0	3.5
Europe	1,135	465	670	49.3	46.5	51.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.8
France	25	10	10	1.1	1.0	0.8
Germany	95	20	70	4.1	2.0	5.4
Greece	15	10	0	0.7	1.0	0.0
Hungary	15	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	15	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Netherlands	230	85	145	10.0	8.5	11.2
Poland	35	10	25	1.5	1.0	1.9
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.8
Russian Federation	20	15	10	0.9	1.5	0.8
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	30	15	10	1.3	1.5	0.8
United Kingdom⁸⁷	520	235	280	22.6	23.5	21.6
Other places of birth in Europe	90	20	70	3.9	2.0	5.4
Africa	80	55	25	3.5	5.5	1.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	45	35	15	2.0	3.5	1.2
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.4	1.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Asia	630	285	345	27.4	28.5	26.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	0	0.7	1.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	55	25	30	2.4	2.5	2.3
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	75	35	40	3.3	3.5	3.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.8
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	135	50	85	5.9	5.0	6.6
Viet Nam	25	10	20	1.1	1.0	1.5
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	120	55	60	5.2	5.5	4.6
Pakistan	55	35	20	2.4	3.5	1.5
Sri Lanka	50	20	25	2.2	2.0	1.9
Other places of birth in Asia	50	25	25	2.2	2.5	1.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	10	0	0.9	1.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	240	120	120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	50	25	31.3	41.7	20.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	60	40	20	25.0	33.3	16.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	0	15	6.3	0.0	12.5
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	10	0	4.2	8.3	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	145	65	85	60.4	54.2	70.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	4.2	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	0	6.3	8.3	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	15	10	10	6.3	8.3	8.3
Philippines	40	15	20	16.7	12.5	16.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	45	20	25	18.8	16.7	20.8
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	4.2	0.0	8.3
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	21,515	10,145	11,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,620	1,170	1,445	12.2	11.5	12.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,965	1,420	1,545	13.8	14.0	13.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	15,935	7,555	8,385	74.1	74.5	73.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,195	525	670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	500	235	265	41.8	44.8	39.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	205	115	90	17.2	21.9	13.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	295	120	175	24.7	22.9	26.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	470	190	280	39.3	36.2	41.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	170	80	85	14.2	15.2	12.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	50	15	40	4.2	2.9	6.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,195	525	670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	65	40	25	5.4	7.6	3.7
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	130	50	75	10.9	9.5	11.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	20	15	2.5	3.8	2.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	60	30	30	5.0	5.7	4.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	905	390	515	75.7	74.3	76.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	21,515	10,145	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,395	685	715	6.5	6.8	6.3
South Asian	440	205	240	2.0	2.0	2.1
Chinese	165	70	90	0.8	0.7	0.8
Black	170	115	55	0.8	1.1	0.5
Filipino	145	55	85	0.7	0.5	0.7
Arab	175	90	85	0.8	0.9	0.7
Latin American	95	30	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
Southeast Asian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Asian	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Korean	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Japanese	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	20,120	9,460	10,660	93.5	93.2	93.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	21,520	10,140	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,165	2,055	2,110	19.4	20.3	18.5
English	6,180	2,870	3,315	28.7	28.3	29.1
Irish	6,070	2,675	3,395	28.2	26.4	29.8
Scottish	5,350	2,425	2,925	24.9	23.9	25.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,780	1,355	1,425	12.9	13.4	12.5
German	2,060	1,040	1,015	9.6	10.3	8.9
Chinese	205	80	120	1.0	0.8	1.1
Italian	615	290	325	2.9	2.9	2.9
Indian (India)	275	130	150	1.3	1.3	1.3
Ukrainian	295	130	175	1.4	1.3	1.5
Dutch	1,425	670	750	6.6	6.6	6.6
Polish	450	195	250	2.1	1.9	2.2
Québécois	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,080	500	575	5.0	4.9	5.1
Filipino	140	55	85	0.7	0.5	0.7
French Canadian	385	175	205	1.8	1.7	1.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	720	340	375	3.3	3.4	3.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	485	215	270	2.3	2.1	2.4
Métis	320	130	195	1.5	1.3	1.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	295	150	150	1.4	1.5	1.3
Russian	155	95	60	0.7	0.9	0.5
Norwegian	90	20	65	0.4	0.2	0.6
Welsh	550	270	280	2.6	2.7	2.5
Portuguese	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
American	370	170	195	1.7	1.7	1.7
Spanish	110	50	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Swedish	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hungarian	80	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Acadian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pakistani	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Jewish	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Punjabi	55	35	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Vietnamese	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	75	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Greek	110	65	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Jamaican	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Korean	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Lebanese	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iranian	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	75	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Danish	95	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	285	125	165	1.3	1.2	1.5
Sikh	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austrian	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Belgian	90	60	30	0.4	0.6	0.3
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mexican	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Finnish	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Sri Lankan	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Croatian	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Japanese	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	70	50	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	60	15	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
Icelandic	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Colombian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	90	30	65	0.4	0.3	0.6
Guyanese	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Newfoundlander	35	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	140	60	80	0.7	0.6	0.7
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquin	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lithuanian	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
South African	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Australian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Palestinian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	55	25	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
African American	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	35	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	21,515	10,145	11,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Christian	12,450	5,365	7,085	57.9	52.9	62.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,160	515	650	5.4	5.1	5.7
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	2,130	900	1,220	9.9	8.9	10.7
Baptist	255	115	140	1.2	1.1	1.2
Catholic	4,540	2,075	2,465	21.1	20.5	21.7
Christian Orthodox	90	45	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	140	65	80	0.7	0.6	0.7
Latter Day Saints	35	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lutheran	155	55	95	0.7	0.5	0.8
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	365	145	220	1.7	1.4	1.9
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	340	135	205	1.6	1.3	1.8
Presbyterian	535	205	325	2.5	2.0	2.9
Reformed	160	70	95	0.7	0.7	0.8
United Church	1,910	740	1,165	8.9	7.3	10.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	640	275	365	3.0	2.7	3.2
Hindu	80	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jewish	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	250	115	135	1.2	1.1	1.2
Sikh	150	65	75	0.7	0.6	0.7
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	115	45	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
No religion and secular perspectives	8,395	4,470	3,925	39.0	44.1	34.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	21,415	10,080	11,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	18,645	8,800	9,850	87.1	87.3	86.9
Movers	2,765	1,280	1,490	12.9	12.7	13.1
Non-migrants	1,330	590	745	6.2	5.9	6.6
Migrants	1,435	695	745	6.7	6.9	6.6
Internal migrants	1,350	645	705	6.3	6.4	6.2
Intraprovincial migrants	1,190	575	615	5.6	5.7	5.4
Interprovincial migrants	155	70	85	0.7	0.7	0.7
External migrants	90	50	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	20,745	9,750	10,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,880	5,590	6,285	57.3	57.3	57.2
Movers	8,865	4,155	4,710	42.7	42.6	42.8
Non-migrants	3,730	1,730	1,990	18.0	17.7	18.1
Migrants	5,140	2,425	2,715	24.8	24.9	24.7
Internal migrants	4,750	2,210	2,540	22.9	22.7	23.1
Intraprovincial migrants	4,190	1,965	2,220	20.2	20.2	20.2
Interprovincial migrants	560	245	315	2.7	2.5	2.9
External migrants	390	210	180	1.9	2.2	1.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,860	8,785	10,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,700	1,955	1,740	19.6	22.3	17.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	15,165	6,825	8,335	80.4	77.7	82.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,460	4,980	5,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,440	895	550	13.8	18.0	10.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,020	4,085	4,935	86.2	82.0	90.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,860	8,785	10,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,265	1,725	1,540	17.3	19.6	15.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,850	2,835	3,020	31.0	32.3	30.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,745	4,230	5,515	51.7	48.2	54.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,500	2,760	3,740	34.5	31.4	37.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,055	705	350	5.6	8.0	3.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	575	345	235	3.0	3.9	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	475	360	115	2.5	4.1	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,125	1,960	3,175	27.2	22.3	31.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	315	100	215	1.7	1.1	2.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,245	1,470	1,775	17.2	16.7	17.6
Bachelor's degree	2,230	1,005	1,220	11.8	11.4	12.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	210	90	120	1.1	1.0	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	650	300	355	3.4	3.4	3.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,465	4,980	5,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,260	805	455	12.0	16.2	8.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,110	1,680	1,435	29.7	33.7	26.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,090	2,500	3,595	58.2	50.2	65.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,125	1,685	2,445	39.4	33.8	44.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	515	360	155	4.9	7.2	2.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	275	175	95	2.6	3.5	1.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	240	180	60	2.3	3.6	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,435	1,265	2,170	32.8	25.4	39.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	60	120	1.7	1.2	2.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,965	815	1,145	18.8	16.4	20.9
Bachelor's degree	1,310	535	780	12.5	10.7	14.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	50	85	1.3	1.0	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
Master's degree	405	185	215	3.9	3.7	3.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,860	8,780	10,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,115	4,555	4,560	48.3	51.9	45.3
Education	660	170	485	3.5	1.9	4.8
13. Education	660	170	485	3.5	1.9	4.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	225	105	115	1.2	1.2	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	185	75	110	1.0	0.9	1.1
Humanities	490	205	280	2.6	2.3	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	105	50	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	35	65	0.6	0.4	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
54. History	80	35	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,235	350	885	6.5	4.0	8.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	330	30	300	1.7	0.3	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	165	60	100	0.9	0.7	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	260	65	190	1.4	0.7	1.9
45. Social sciences	345	150	200	1.8	1.7	2.0
Business, management and public administration	1,925	705	1,220	10.2	8.0	12.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	80	205	1.5	0.9	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,630	620	1,015	8.6	7.1	10.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	295	175	115	1.6	2.0	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	65	55	0.6	0.7	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	110	80	30	0.6	0.9	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	195	110	1.6	2.2	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	235	160	75	1.2	1.8	0.7
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,525	1,385	135	8.1	15.8	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	65	55	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
14. Engineering	275	235	40	1.5	2.7	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	540	490	55	2.9	5.6	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	220	210	10	1.2	2.4	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	310	310	0	1.6	3.5	0.0
48. Precision production	105	85	20	0.6	1.0	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	100	70	0.9	1.1	0.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	145	80	60	0.8	0.9	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Health and related fields	2,135	435	1,695	11.3	5.0	16.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	95	50	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,010	365	1,645	10.7	4.2	16.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	795	405	385	4.2	4.6	3.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	405	120	285	2.1	1.4	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	275	180	100	1.5	2.1	1.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	100	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,465	4,980	5,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,375	2,480	1,890	41.8	49.8	34.5
Education	375	95	275	3.6	1.9	5.0
13. Education	375	95	275	3.6	1.9	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	50	65	1.1	1.0	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	30	65	0.9	0.6	1.2
Humanities	285	120	160	2.7	2.4	2.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	45	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	30	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
54. History	50	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	800	190	610	7.6	3.8	11.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	235	20	215	2.2	0.4	3.9
22. Legal professions and studies	125	45	85	1.2	0.9	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	125	15	110	1.2	0.3	2.0
45. Social sciences	225	90	135	2.2	1.8	2.5
Business, management and public administration	1,290	480	810	12.3	9.6	14.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	230	70	155	2.2	1.4	2.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,060	410	660	10.1	8.2	12.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	95	85	1.7	1.9	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	40	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	60	45	15	0.6	0.9	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	150	70	2.1	3.0	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	190	135	55	1.8	2.7	1.0
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	800	720	80	7.6	14.5	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
14. Engineering	130	105	20	1.2	2.1	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	275	245	30	2.6	4.9	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	125	120	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	175	170	0	1.7	3.4	0.0
48. Precision production	55	45	10	0.5	0.9	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	115	65	45	1.1	1.3	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	55	40	0.9	1.1	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Health and related fields	1,330	260	1,070	12.7	5.2	19.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,255	225	1,030	12.0	4.5	18.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	590	280	315	5.6	5.6	5.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	290	70	220	2.8	1.4	4.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	225	140	90	2.2	2.8	1.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	70	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,465	4,980	5,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,375	2,480	1,890	41.8	49.8	34.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,090	2,500	3,590	58.2	50.2	65.5
Location of study inside Canada	5,535	2,265	3,270	52.9	45.5	59.6
Same as province or territory of residence	5,050	2,065	2,980	48.3	41.5	54.3
Different than province or territory of residence	485	200	285	4.6	4.0	5.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	555	235	320	5.3	4.7	5.8
Americas	220	90	125	2.1	1.8	2.3
United States of America	180	85	95	1.7	1.7	1.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Europe	100	45	55	1.0	0.9	1.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Africa	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	200	70	125	1.9	1.4	2.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	75	25	50	0.7	0.5	0.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
India	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Pakistan	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	18,860	8,785	10,075	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,780	4,930	4,845	...	...	...
Employed	8,365	4,220	4,145	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,415	715	700	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	9,080	3,850	5,230	...	...	...
Participation rate	51.9	56.1	48.1	51.9	56.1	48.1
Employment rate	44.4	48.0	41.1	44.4	48.0	41.1
Unemployment rate	14.5	14.5	14.4	14.5	14.5	14.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	18,860	8,780	10,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	9,165	3,950	5,215	48.6	45.0	51.8
Worked	9,695	4,835	4,860	51.4	55.1	48.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,870	2,640	2,225	25.8	30.1	22.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,825	2,190	2,635	25.6	24.9	26.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.9	41.7	40.1	40.9	41.7	40.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,780	4,935	4,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	315	185	130	3.2	3.7	2.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,465	4,750	4,715	96.8	96.3	97.3
Employee	8,295	4,055	4,245	84.8	82.2	87.6
Permanent position	6,780	3,415	3,365	69.3	69.2	69.5
Temporary position	1,520	635	885	15.5	12.9	18.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	475	185	290	4.9	3.7	6.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,045	450	595	10.7	9.1	12.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,170	700	470	12.0	14.2	9.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,780	4,935	4,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	315	185	130	3.2	3.7	2.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,465	4,750	4,715	96.8	96.3	97.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	85	50	35	0.9	1.0	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,300	445	860	13.3	9.0	17.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	545	410	135	5.6	8.3	2.8
3 Health occupations	1,005	230	775	10.3	4.7	16.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,145	365	780	11.7	7.4	16.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	210	100	110	2.1	2.0	2.3
6 Sales and service occupations	2,835	1,135	1,695	29.0	23.0	35.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,455	1,330	125	14.9	27.0	2.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	225	180	40	2.3	3.6	0.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	660	495	160	6.7	10.0	3.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,780	4,935	4,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	315	185	130	3.2	3.7	2.7
All industries¹⁹¹	9,465	4,750	4,715	96.8	96.3	97.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	125	85	35	1.3	1.7	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
22 Utilities	35	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
23 Construction	635	555	75	6.5	11.2	1.5
31-33 Manufacturing	1,045	745	305	10.7	15.1	6.3
41 Wholesale trade	175	100	75	1.8	2.0	1.5
44-45 Retail trade	1,500	725	775	15.3	14.7	16.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	395	300	90	4.0	6.1	1.9
51 Information and cultural industries	125	55	70	1.3	1.1	1.4
52 Finance and insurance	185	70	115	1.9	1.4	2.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	170	85	85	1.7	1.7	1.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	445	260	180	4.6	5.3	3.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	470	300	170	4.8	6.1	3.5
61 Educational services	670	215	455	6.9	4.4	9.4
62 Health care and social assistance	1,715	370	1,345	17.5	7.5	27.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	175	80	95	1.8	1.6	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	770	330	445	7.9	6.7	9.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	335	175	160	3.4	3.5	3.3
91 Public administration	465	240	225	4.8	4.9	4.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,465	5,205	5,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,160	5,055	5,100	97.1	97.1	96.9
French	35	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.6
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	215	105	110	2.1	2.0	2.1
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,465	5,205	5,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,440	5,195	5,245	99.8	99.8	99.6
Official languages	10,425	5,190	5,235	99.6	99.7	99.4
English	10,345	5,170	5,180	98.9	99.3	98.4
French	75	25	50	0.7	0.5	0.9
Non-official languages	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
English and French	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,465	5,205	5,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,235	5,085	5,155	97.8	97.7	97.9
English	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
French	155	80	75	1.5	1.5	1.4
Non-official language	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,365	4,215	4,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,230	535	690	14.7	12.7	16.7
Worked outside Canada	30	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
No fixed workplace address	970	745	230	11.6	17.7	5.6
Usual place of work	6,135	2,915	3,220	73.3	69.2	77.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,135	2,910	3,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,365	1,910	2,460	71.1	65.6	76.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,140	665	475	18.6	22.9	14.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	610	330	280	9.9	11.3	8.7
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,105	3,660	3,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,270	3,290	2,975	88.2	89.9	86.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,565	2,935	2,625	78.3	80.2	76.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	705	355	350	9.9	9.7	10.1
Public transit	65	25	40	0.9	0.7	1.2
Walked	545	240	305	7.7	6.6	8.8
Bicycle	50	30	15	0.7	0.8	0.4
Other method	175	65	105	2.5	1.8	3.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,105	3,660	3,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,560	2,080	2,475	64.2	56.8	71.7
15 to 29 minutes	1,385	835	550	19.5	22.8	15.9
30 to 44 minutes	480	325	160	6.8	8.9	4.6
45 to 59 minutes	255	140	115	3.6	3.8	3.3
60 minutes and over	425	275	145	6.0	7.5	4.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,105	3,660	3,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	515	355	155	7.2	9.7	4.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,380	775	610	19.4	21.2	17.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,895	1,010	885	26.7	27.6	25.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,370	585	785	19.3	16.0	22.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	855	350	500	12.0	9.6	14.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,100	580	515	15.5	15.8	14.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,375	1,725	1,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	445	235	210	13.2	13.6	12.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,930	1,490	1,435	86.8	86.4	87.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,535	1,300	1,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	340	180	160	13.4	13.8	12.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	235	125	110	9.3	9.6	8.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	100	55	45	3.9	4.2	3.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,200	1,120	1,075	86.8	86.2	86.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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